I am
President of an association that in part plays an advisory role to our Recreational
Department in our city. Our city like many has closed its Recreational Centers
to senior programs. This closure was done out an ambulance of caution. The
issue for me is that the longer we are closed I fear the negative impact on our
seniors will be devastating. In 2013 the Center for Ageing at the University of
Manitoba issued a report “. Exploring the Impacts of Senior Centres on Older
Adults.”
The report shows
that social participation is associated with better mental and physical health
for seniors. The following provides a snapshot of some research findings:
For every 1 point decrease on a social activity scale, there
was a 33% more rapid rate of decline in motor function (e.g., grip strength,
muscle strength) within an average of five years.
The risk of developing a disability in activities of daily
living decreased by 43% over an average of 5 years for each additional social
activity engaged in; the risk of mobility disability decreased by 31%.
Among older adults with depression, those who were highly
socially active were over 2.5 times more likely to have improvements in their
depressive symptoms 2 years later than those with low social activity.
An intervention that combined structured social activity with
light- intensity exercise (e.g., card games, croquet) significantly improved
older adults’ memory function and sleep.
The rate of cognitive decline was reduced by an average of
70% in older adults who were frequently socially active compared to those who
were infrequently socially active over an average of 5 years.
Older adults who participated on a daily or weekly basis in
social activity had a 40% reduced risk of developing dementia compared those
who were not socially engaged.
Older women who participated in organizational activities or
study circles had half the likelihood of dying within a twelve-year time period
compared to those who did not participate in these social activities
Research on
senior centres demonstrate that participation is associated with social, mental, and physical health
benefits. Senior centres promote health by providing health and support
services, encouraging active and healthy ageing, and by fostering a social
environment that is conducive to social participation and well-being. Senior
centres are also ideal venues for health promotion interventions, such as falls
prevention, influenza vaccines, diabetes management, and so forth.
Key findings
from the interviews with older adults are:
•
Virtually
all participants felt that the activities they engage in almost always or often
give them a sense of accomplishment.
•
80%
or more also felt that the activities increased their knowledge, helped them
gain self-confidence, and provided an opportunity to try new things.
•
The
vast majority of participants thought that the activities provided them with
social benefits, allowing them to socially interact, be part of a community,
and develop close relationships.
•
88%
of participants indicated that it is almost always or often true that the
activities help them stay healthy. The vast majority of participants also
indicated that the activities contribute to their emotional well-being (90%),
and help them to relieve stress (85%).
•
Opportunities
to stay active and socially engaged helped several participants cope with
mental illness and addictions.
•
Senior
centres promoted older adult health by providing opportunities for physical
activity and access to health information, education and health services.
•
Senior
centres offered a range of educational opportunities that promoted learning,
creativity, and skills development.
•
Volunteering
opportunities enabled older adults to socialize, contribute to their
communities, and share their knowledge and skills.
If we want to help seniors the research demonstrates the
benefits of social participation to older adults’ physical and mental health.
There is also a potential cost savings of enhancing social participation and
consequent health benefits.
After the Pandemic it will take a while to get back to a new
normal. I fear that it will be hard to secure funding to support operations is
an on-going challenge for senior centres. Cities will be looking to cut programs
to make up budget shortfalls and senior center funding will be an easy target.
Ensuring that senior centres have sufficient funds ensures that they are able
to provide the programs, services, and resources to promote the health and
well-being of older adults which, in turn, could lead to cost savings in the
health care sector.
My association knows that the availability of health and
support services varies considerably between senior centres. Each Senior centre
serves a different and diverse population of older adults, and members vary
in terms of their age, health and support needs. At this point we are exploring
what our new normal will look like and I wonder if we would benefit from
additional or specialized health services, including mental health services. In
this day of accountability, there are many evaluation tools to help determine
if our programs are successful.
Ideas are taken from The benefits of social participation Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba Novek S, Menec V, Tran T, Bell S. Exploring the Impacts of Senior Centres on Older Adults. Winnipeg, MB: Centre on Aging, May 2013.
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