The connection between our genes and dementia has to do with certain types of dementia being caused or influenced by specific genes. One of the most common forms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, is thought to be influenced by multiple genes and other factors like environment and lifestyle.
The strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's is a variant of the APOE gene, specifically the ε4 allele. However, not everyone who has this allele will develop Alzheimer's, and not everyone with Alzheimer's has this allele. Early-onset Alzheimer's disease, which happens before age 65, is much less common and is often associated with mutations in one of three genes,
Other forms of dementia, like frontotemporal dementia and Huntington's disease, also have genetic factors. Knowing the genetic connection can help in a few ways:
1. Diagnosis: Genetic testing can help doctors confirm a diagnosis, especially for early-onset Alzheimer's or other dementias with known genetic mutations.
2. Counseling: Understanding genetic status can help individuals and families make informed decisions about healthcare, finances, and lifestyle choices.
3. Research: Identifying and understanding genetic factors can lead to new treatments and prevention strategies.
It's important to consult a healthcare professional or genetic counsellor to discuss genetic testing and its results.
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