As we move through the three phases of retirement there are three broad
categories that are considered, in the National Framework on Aging, as the
three “pillars of seniors’ wellness”. They are:
1) Health,
wellness and security,
which includes health and wellness, safety and security and income security
2) Continuous
learning, work and participation in society, which includes work and retirement, age
discrimination and negative stereotypes, social participation and ethnocultural diversity.
3) Supporting
and caring in the community,
which includes living arrangements, transportation, social isolation and
loneliness, family/informal caregiving and seniors in Northern/remote Canada
In each phase, we, as a society have to provide, at a minimum the above
three pillars to help seniors to live independent and full lives.
As we go through
retirement there are three phases that have been identified. The first is the
independent phase, people in this phase have minimal physical limitations and
good health. During this phase, people are generally more able to engage with
retirement activities that can have positive impacts on their physical and mental
health. Some people in the Independent Phase are less able to access its benefits,
in particular people with low levels of savings and income, and women, who are more
likely to be careers.
Because the Independent Phase is associated with more positive later
life experiences, older people could benefit from support with remaining in
this stage for as long as possible. If they remain active, people who retire
into the Independent Phase can experience improvements in physical health,
which can, in turn, elongate their time in the Independent Phase. People retiring
into the Independent, Phase can also experience improvements in mental and
emotional wellbeing, particularly if they are able to engage in positive
leisure activities and more structured activities such as volunteering, which
those in the Decline and Dependent Phases may be less able to engage with due
to physical limitations.
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