The second stage of
retirement is the Decline Phase. People in the Decline Phase have at least one
mild physical limitation. During this phase, people become more likely to experience
declines in physical and cognitive health. They are also more likely to experience
declines in mental health as a result of increased risk of bereavement, isolation
and dependence from a Partner for the provision of care
The Decline Phase of later life is associated with:
•
Declines
in physical health, though less severe than those associated with the Dependent
Phase.
•
Increased
risk of accelerated cognitive declines, though again less severe than those
associated with the Dependent Phase.
•
Less
freedom and control over how time is spent, as physical limitations begin to reduce
people’s ability to engage with more strenuous activities. Poor health, low
incomes and competing demands such as caring responsibilities can be a barrier to
many older people accessing the benefits of pursuing positive retirement
activities, particularly as they transition into the Decline and Dependent
Phases.
•
Increased
likelihood of losing a spouse or partner, which can lead to declines in mental
and emotional wellbeing, loneliness and further physical declines, particularly
if not adequately prepared for this loss.
Once individuals’ transition into the Decline Phase, they could benefit
from support in maintaining physical health and where possible slowing declines
in order to protect them from the more severe risks present in the Dependent
Phase.
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