Remote monitoring is it useful for health care

In the last couple of years, there has been a move towards embracing a more comprehensive account of telehealth, in particular. Telehealth has been defined as a service that ‘uses equipment to monitor people’s health in their own home... [monitoring] vital signs such as blood pressure, blood oxygen levels or weight. 

This significant increase in the adoption of telehealth as a means of delivering healthcare services has been partly due to COVID-19. Telehealth refers to the use of digital communication technologies, such as videoconferencing, remote monitoring, and mobile health apps, to provide healthcare services remotely.

Remote monitoring is a key aspect of telehealth. It involves the use of equipment, such as blood pressure monitors, glucose meters, and pulse oximeters, to collect data on patients' vital signs and other health indicators in their own homes. This data is then transmitted to healthcare providers, who can monitor the patient's health status and provide guidance and treatment as needed.

Remote monitoring has several benefits, including improved access to care, reduced healthcare costs, and increased patient engagement and satisfaction. It also enables early detection of health issues, which can lead to timely intervention and improved health outcomes.

Remote monitoring in healthcare is indeed expanding rapidly, especially due to the COVID-19 pandemic, while this technology has several benefits, such as increased accessibility to healthcare services and reduced costs, it can also lead to a decrease in personal contact between patients and their healthcare providers.

Remote monitoring allows patients to receive medical care from the comfort of their own homes, which can be particularly beneficial for individuals with chronic illnesses or mobility issues. However, this means that patients may not have as much face-to-face interaction with their healthcare providers, which can affect the quality of care they receive.

To mitigate this potential issue, healthcare providers can use telemedicine technology to conduct virtual consultations with their patients, allowing for more personal interaction even when physical contact is limited. Additionally, healthcare providers can use remote monitoring data to inform their in-person visits and make more informed decisions about patient care.

Overall, remote monitoring technology has the potential to improve healthcare accessibility and quality, healthcare delivery and improve health outcomes for patients, especially those in remote or underserved areas. but it is important for healthcare providers to find a balance between virtual and in-person interactions to ensure patients receive the best possible care.

Mosiquito bites

 We were golfing and my friend was being attacked by mosquitos and I was not. I thought I am lucky today, mosquitoes can be a nuisance and pose serious health risks due to their ability to transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, and West Nile virus. While some people seem to attract mosquitoes more than others, there are steps you can take to prevent mosquito bites and protect yourself.

One of the main factors that attracts mosquitoes is the scent emitted by our bodies. Each individual has a unique body odor bouquet, composed of various chemicals, and mosquitoes respond differently to these scents. Unfortunately, replicating the odor profile of people who are less appealing to mosquitoes is not yet possible.

Mosquitoes have a multi-step process for finding their hosts. First, they rely on their sense of smell to detect the presence of potential victims. They are particularly attracted to carbon dioxide (CO₂), which we exhale when we breathe. This is why large groups of people tend to attract more mosquitoes. Body heat and sweat also play a role in drawing mosquitoes closer.

Once mosquitoes have detected a potential host, they rely on visual cues to locate them. Some studies have suggested that certain colors, like red, may be more attractive to mosquitoes. However, the exact details of which scents and visual cues draw mosquitoes in are still being explored by researchers.

To prevent mosquito bites, it is recommended to use insect repellents that are registered with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These repellents often contain ingredients such as DEET and picaridin, which are effective at repelling mosquitoes. Oil of lemon eucalyptus is an alternative for those who prefer botanical products.

In addition to using repellents, it is important to cover up exposed skin as much as possible, especially during the summer when mosquito activity is high. Wearing long sleeves, pants, and socks can help reduce the chances of getting bitten. It is also advisable to avoid spending time outdoors during peak mosquito activity times, such as dawn and dusk.

While there is no foolproof method to completely eliminate mosquito bites, these preventive measures can significantly reduce your risk. By being aware of the factors that attract mosquitoes and taking appropriate precautions, you can enjoy outdoor activities while minimizing the annoyance and health risks associated with mosquito bites.

8 glasses of water a day, is it too much or not enough?

 The recommendation to drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water per day is a common belief, but the actual amount of water needed varies from person to person depending on factors such as body size, climate, activity level, and metabolic rate. The current recommendations for total water intake are 13 cups per day for men and nine cups per day for women, which includes water from other beverages and food. 

Staying hydrated is important for maintaining cognitive and cardiovascular function and preventing chronic diseases. Adults who are not sufficiently hydrated may age faster, face a higher risk of chronic diseases, and be more likely to die younger. 

However, research shows that many older adults are chronically underhydrated, which can negatively impact their health. The sensation of thirst tends to decline with age, and certain medications and health concerns may also negatively affect water balance. 

Overall, eight 8-ounce glasses of water per day is a good starting point, but individuals should pay attention to their body's needs and adjust their water intake accordingly.

A new study from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) suggests that adults who aren’t sufficiently hydrated may age faster, face a higher risk of chronic diseases — such as lung disease, diabetes, heart failure and stroke — and be more likely to die younger than those who stay well-hydrated.

The results are based on 30 years’ worth of data collected from more than 11,000 adults in the U.S. who were 45 to 66 years old when the study began. The researchers looked at levels of sodium in the participants’ blood to determine hydration (higher concentrations are a sign that they most likely weren’t consuming enough fluids) and found that those with blood-sodium levels at the higher end of the normal range had aged faster than those at the lower end of the range, 

Exacerbating the problem: Research shows we tend to drink less as we age. One study published in 2019 in the journal SAGE Open Nursing suggests that up to 40 percent of older adults may be chronically underhydrated. The obvious culprits: Certain medications, such as diuretics, may negatively affect water balance, plus some older adults may intentionally reduce their water intake because of incontinence or other concerns about bladder control. What’s more, the sensation of thirst tends to decline with age.

When you’re younger, you get thirsty and you get something to drink, but older people in the same situation don’t feel thirsty,

The health and well-being of seniors depends on financial stability

Financial insecurity can have a negative impact on seniors’ health and well-being. Access to benefits and other resources can help to ease financial insecurity.

Financial insecurity can have a negative impact on seniors’ health and well-being and can lead to several negative outcomes, such as increased stress, poor nutrition, and reduced access to healthcare. Here are a few steps that society can take to help people plan for a stable retirement:

Education. Providing education and resources on retirement planning, such as information on Social Security, pension plans, and savings options can help people make informed decisions about their financial future.

Access to financial advice. Providing access to financial advisors, or offering financial counselling services, can help people make informed decisions about their money and plan for retirement.

Encouraging savings. Encouraging people to save for retirement through initiatives such as automatic enrollment in retirement savings plans and offering incentives for saving can help people build a nest egg for their golden years.

Government support. Government can provide support for retirement security through programs such as Social Security and pension plans.

Protecting retirement savings. Government can also take steps to protect retirement savings by implementing regulations to prevent fraud and abuse, and by ensuring that retirement savings plans are financially sound.

Affordable housing. Addressing the cost of housing is also important, as it is a major expense for many seniors, and can affect their ability to save for retirement.

Health care access. Government policies that ensure access to affordable healthcare can also help to reduce financial insecurity for seniors, as healthcare costs can be a major expense for retirees.

Income Security. Government policies that ensure a basic level of income security for seniors, such as a minimum pension or a universal basic income, can also help to reduce financial insecurity and improve overall well-being.

The health and well-being of seniors depends on their access to healthcare

 Seniors may have difficulty accessing healthcare services, which can have a negative impact on their health. Regular check-ups and screenings, as well as access to specialists, can help to prevent or manage health issues. Encouraging seniors to go for regular check-ups and screenings can be challenging, but there are a few strategies that may be effective:

Education: Providing seniors with information about the importance of regular check-ups and screenings can help to increase awareness and understanding. Leaders can provide this information through brochures, workshops, or one-on-one sessions with healthcare providers.

Reminders: Setting up reminder systems, such as phone calls or emails, can help to ensure that seniors don’t forget to schedule and attend their appointments.

Convenience Making it as easy as possible for seniors to schedule and attend appointments can increase the likelihood that they will do so. This can include offering flexible appointment times, providing transportation to and from appointments, or offering telehealth appointments.

Support. Family members, caregivers, or healthcare providers can provide support and encouragement to help seniors schedule and attend appointments.

 Incentives. Offering incentives, such as gift cards or discounts, can be a good way to encourage seniors to schedule and attend appointments.

Personalized approach. Tailoring the approach to the senior’s needs, preferences and health conditions can increase their engagement and interest in the appointments.

Integrated care. Making sure that appointments are coordinated and communicated among healthcare providers to ensure continuity of care and reduce the number of appointments.

Professional help. Some seniors may require additional support to schedule and attend appointments. A case manager or a care coordinator can provide guidance and support to help seniors schedule and attend regular check-ups and screenings.

The health and well-being of seniors depends on their Living environment

 The physical and social environment in which seniors live can have a significant impact on their health and well-being. Access to transportation, safe housing, and social support are all important factors to consider.

The physical environment, including factors such as housing conditions, accessibility, and neighbourhood safety, can affect seniors’ physical health and mobility. A safe and accessible living environment can promote independence and reduce the risk of falls and injuries.

The social environment, including factors such as social support, community engagement, and access to services and resources, can affect seniors’ mental and emotional well-being. Social support can provide a sense of connection and belonging and can improve the overall quality of life. Access to services and resources, such as healthcare and transportation, can also improve seniors’ overall health and well-being.

Creating an environment that supports seniors’ physical and social needs can help to promote independence and improve overall health and well-being. This can include things such as designing communities and buildings that are accessible, providing transportation options and ensuring that services and resources are available and easily accessible.

The health and well-being of seniors depends on safe medication use

Many seniors take multiple medications, which can have side effects and interact with one another. It’s important to monitor medication use. Many seniors take multiple medications, which can have side effects and interact with one another. It’s important to monitor medication use closely and to communicate with healthcare providers about any concerns. Medication misuse is a concern for seniors, as it can lead to negative health outcomes. Here are a few strategies that can help seniors manage their medication:

Medication reviews. Regular medication reviews by a healthcare provider can help to ensure that seniors are taking the correct medications at the correct doses. A healthcare provider can also identify potential interactions between medications and make adjustments as needed.

Pill organizers. Pill organizers can help seniors keep track of which medications to take and when to take them.

Medication lists. Keeping a list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, can be helpful for both the senior and their healthcare provider.

Communication. Encourage seniors to communicate with their healthcare providers about any concerns they have regarding their medications.

Simplification. Simplifying the number of medications and dosages can help reduce confusion and improve adherence.

Support. Family members or caregivers can provide support and help with medication management.

Technology. Some seniors may find it helpful to use technology to manage their medications. There are several apps and devices that can set reminders for medication doses and track medication use.

Professional help. Some seniors may require additional support to manage their medications. A nurse, pharmacist, or care manager can provide guidance and support to help seniors safely manage their medications. and to communicate with healthcare providers about any concerns. Medication misuse is a concern for seniors, as it can lead to negative health outcomes. Here are a few strategies that can help seniors manage their medication:

Medication reviews. Regular medication reviews by a healthcare provider can help to ensure that seniors are taking the correct medications at the correct doses. A healthcare provider can also identify potential interactions between medications and make adjustments as needed.

Pill organizers. Pill organizers can help seniors keep track of which medications to take and when to take them.

Medication lists. Keeping a list of all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, can be helpful for both the senior and their healthcare provider.

Communication. Encourage seniors to communicate with their healthcare providers about any concerns they have regarding their medications.

Simplification. Simplifying the number of medications and dosages can help reduce confusion and improve adherence.

Support. Family members or caregivers can provide support and help with medication management.

Technology. Some seniors may find it helpful to use technology to manage their medications. There are several apps and devices that can set reminders for medication doses and track medication use.

Professional help. Some seniors may require additional support to manage their medications. A nurse, pharmacist, or care manager can provide guidance and support to help seniors safely manage their medications.

The health and well-being of seniors depends on Mental Health

Older adults may experience feelings of loneliness, depression, and anxiety, which can have a negative impact on their overall well-being. Socialization and engagement in activities that promote mental well-being can be beneficial.

Encouraging seniors to socialize can be challenging, but there are a few strategies that may be effective:

Community Programs. Providing opportunities for seniors to engage in activities that interest them, such as clubs, classes, or volunteer opportunities, can be a good way to promote socialization. Community centers, libraries, and senior centers often offer a variety of programs that can be beneficial for seniors.

Technology. Many seniors are comfortable using technology, and there are several online platforms that can be used for socialization, such as videoconferencing, social media, and online forums.

In-person visits. Encourage family members, friends, and caregivers to visit seniors in person. This can provide a sense of connection and support.

Group activities. Organizing group activities such as group outings, games, and outings can be a good way to promote socialization among seniors.

Transportation. Some seniors may have difficulty getting to social events, and providing transportation options can solve this.

Home-based programs. Some seniors may not leave their homes, but home-based programs such as telephone reassurance, friendly visitor programs, or meal delivery can be a good way to promote socialization.

Pet Therapy. Having a pet can be a good way to promote socialization among seniors. Pet therapy programs can provide seniors with an opportunity to interact with animals, which can be beneficial for their mental and emotional well-being.

Professional help. Some seniors may require additional support to engage in social activities. A social worker or counsellor can provide guidance and support to help seniors safely engage in social activities.

The health and well-being of seniors depends on Physical Health

Physical health. As people age, they may be more susceptible to certain health conditions, such as arthritis, heart disease, and diabetes. Regular exercise and a healthy diet can help to prevent or manage these conditions. Getting seniors to consider regular exercise can be challenging, but there are a few strategies that may be effective:

Education. Seniors may be more likely to exercise if they understand the benefits of physical activity for their health. Providing information about the positive effects of exercise on conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis can be persuasive.

Tailored Programs. Offering exercise programs that are specifically designed for seniors, such as low-impact aerobics, yoga, or tai chi, can make physical activity more appealing.

Socialization. Many seniors enjoy socializing, and group exercise classes can be a good way to combine physical activity with social interaction.

Accessibility. Making exercise accessible to seniors by providing exercise equipment and classes in senior centers, community centers, or even in-home options can also encourage seniors to be more active.

Personalized help. Some seniors may require additional support to begin an exercise program. A personal trainer or physical therapist can provide guidance and support to help seniors safely begin an exercise program.

Cost Consideration. Financial insecurity can be a barrier to seniors engaging in physical activity, and providing low-cost or free exercise options can solve this.

Fun and enjoyable. Making physical activity enjoyable can be a good way to motivate seniors to take part. This can include activities such as dancing, swimming, or even gardening.

XXXXX We need to strengthen our mental well-being

Here are a few evidence-based strategies to help strengthen your mental well-being.

Exercise regularly. When we exercise, our bodies release endorphins that contribute to a positive feeling and affect our mental health. By incorporating exercise into our daily routine, we are helping both our body and our brain stay fit. I can perform many exercises at home using minimal equipment, such as Yoga, Pilates and even strength training using everyday household objects such as soup cans. Research has shown that physical activity improves mood, reduces stress and anxiety, and promotes overall well-being.

Get enough sleep. Adequate sleep is essential for maintaining mental and physical health.

Eat a healthy diet. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can support overall well-being.

Practice mindfulness. Mindfulness techniques such as meditation, yoga, and deep breathing can help reduce stress and improve focus.

Connect with others. Research has linked social connections to better mental health.

Seek professional help. If you are experiencing persistent mental health issues, consider seeking help from a therapist or counsellor.

Take care of yourself. Engaging in self-care activities like taking a relaxing bath, reading a book, or going for a walk can improve your mood and help you feel better.

Reconnect with your artistic passions. Whether you like singing, music, painting, drawing, photography or other artistic activities, evidence has shown that they can help improve your overall health and well-being.

 Volunteer in your community. Studies suggest that volunteering can reduce depression by increasing psychological well-being, sense of accomplishment and belonging, quality of life and self-esteem.  In addition to making a real difference in the lives of others, it could have a direct positive impact on your physical and mental health!  

Try a mindfulness-based program online. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, or MBCT, combines cognitive behavioural therapy with mindfulness, a type of meditation that focuses on being in the present moment. It is possible to participate in mindfulness-based programs over the Internet, and research showed minor improvements in depression and an increase in well-being for those who took part.

The conversation about mental health and well-being is one we need to continue year-round

Regular Exercise and the Immune System

The immune system responds to exercise. One theory is that exercise increases blood and lymph flow as the muscles contract.

Exercise is good for your body and mind, but does it work for the immune system? Researchers have shown that exercise increases blood and lymph flow as the muscles contract. This increased blood flow may allow the immune cells in the blood vessels to travel their normal path toward an area suffering from a viral infection or cancer.

One of the most overlooked benefits of exercise is its effect on the immune system. The immune system responds to exercise. For example, walking helps strengthen your immune system by increasing blood and lymph flow as the muscles contract. There are several types of physical activity that promote greater levels of resistance in your body.

There are many benefits attributed to regular exercise. One of those is the increase in blood and lymph flow as the muscles contract. This can cause increased oxygenation of the blood, which increases the immune system’s ability to fight off viruses and bacteria.

There are multiple theories surrounding immune system function in relation to exercise. We accept that some types of regular exercise may enhance the immune system. Increased blood flow and oxygen delivery by the swimmer’s muscles will increase the quantity and quality of immune system cells available for defending against pathogens. In addition, aerobic activity should lead to an increase in endorphins (painkilling) hormones that may relieve stress as well as encourage a positive frame of mind, which might cause greater resistance to infectious diseases.

The immune system is a complex network of cells that act as a barrier against any foreign invaders. The immune system also plays a crucial role in repairing and replacing damaged cells through cellular repair.

One expert who promotes moderate exercise suggests

• Our bodies crave movement. We need to move.
• Exercise and activity have wide-ranging benefits for all ages and stages.
• Moderate exercise strengthens our immune response.
• Start low, build slow, stay with it, and set goals.
• Have fun!

The bottom line is that movement is vital for the human body. It is never too late to be active. Exercising, every day if possible, is the single most important thing you can do for your health.

Do you want salt with that?

Higher serum sodium levels, even within the normal range, have been linked to advanced biological aging, and an increased risk of premature death. It is important to note that these findings are based on observational studies and they need more research to determine the cause-and-effect relationship between sodium levels and health outcomes. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional before changing your dietary sodium intake.

The American Heart Association recommends that adults should aim for only 2,300 milligrams (mg) of sodium per day, with an ideal limit of only 1,500 mg per day for most adults. However, some people may need to limit their intake, such as individuals with high blood pressure, those at risk for developing high blood pressure, and older adults. It’s important to note that most sodium in the average person’s diet comes from processed foods and restaurant meals, so it’s crucial to be mindful of the sodium content in these foods and to choose lower-sodium options when possible.

When dining out, there are several options you can choose to lower your sodium intake:

1. Ask for dressings and sauces on the side so you can control how much is added to your meal.
2. Look for dishes that are grilled, baked, or steamed rather than fried.
3. Choose grilled or roasted meats, fish, or poultry instead of deli meats or bacon.
4. Ask for no salt added or low-sodium options when ordering.
5. Avoid dishes that are described as “crispy,” “breaded,” or “battered.”
6. Opt for fresh fruits and vegetables as side dishes, instead of canned or frozen options that may contain added sodium.
7. Request that your food be prepared without adding salt.
8. Choose a salad without cheese or croutons and ask for the dressing on the side.

It’s also worth noting that soups, sandwiches, and Chinese food tend to be higher in sodium, so it’s best to be mindful of those options. Keep in mind that it’s always best to consult with a healthcare professional before changing your dietary sodium intake.

Do you drink enough liquids per day?

Staying hydrated is associated with several health benefits, including maintaining proper bodily functions, preventing dehydration and heat exhaustion, aiding in digestion and weight management, and promoting healthy skin. Staying hydrated is important for maintaining cognitive function and physical performance.

Staying hydrated can help cognitive function in seniors by maintaining the proper balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body, which are necessary for the proper functioning of the brain. Dehydration can cause a decrease in blood volume, which can lead to decreased blood flow to the brain. This can negatively impact cognitive function, such as memory and concentration, as well as mood and energy levels. Adequate hydration can also help to prevent age-related cognitive decline, by keeping the brain and body functioning well.

In seniors, dehydration can be a common cause of confusion, disorientation and falls, thus, staying hydrated can help in preventing those issues.

It is important to note that staying hydrated does not prevent cognitive decline, but it can help in maintaining cognitive functions and preventing additional decline.

The recommended daily water intake for an adult can vary depending on factors such as sex, age, weight, and activity level. However, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recommends that adult men should aim to consume about 3.7 litres (125 ounces) of total water per day, and adult women should aim to consume about 2.7 liters (91 ounces) of total water per day. For senior citizens, the American Geriatrics Society recommends that older adults drink enough fluid to maintain good hydration, which is about 1.5 to 2 liters of fluids per day. However, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.

Shingles

In BC we have to pay $300 for a vaccine against Shingles. In other jurisdictions in Canada, seniors get the vaccine for free yet the government brags about how it supports seniors. 

My wife suffered from Shingles and I have had friends who have had it as well. It can be a very serious disease. Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms of shingles typically include:

• Pain, burning, numbness, or tingling in a specific area on one side of the face or body
• A red rash that begins a few days later and develops into fluid-filled blisters
• Itching, and in severe cases, severe pain
• Fatigue, headache, and fever

In some rare cases, severe pain can persist after the rash clears up (Postherpetic Neuralgia)

The symptoms of shingles usually last between 2 and 4 weeks, but sometimes, the pain can persist for months or even years.

It’s important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have Shingles because early treatment can help to shorten the duration of the symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.

Besides the symptoms I previously mentioned, some people with shingles may also experience:

• Sensitivity to light
• Loss of appetite
• Insomnia
• Depression
• Nausea
• Digestive problems
• Loss of facial muscle control
• Eye problems like conjunctivitis, keratitis, or uveitis

It’s also worth noting that, while shingles most commonly affect the skin on the trunk, upper arms, and legs, sometimes it can also affect other areas of the body, such as the eyes, ears, or mouth. In such cases, additional symptoms may occur, like vision loss, hearing loss or difficulty speaking.

It’s important to see a doctor if you suspect you have shingles because it is a viral infection which can be contagious and can spread to people who haven’t had chickenpox before. And also doctors can suggest medication to ease pain and discomfort, as well as antiviral medications to help to shorten the duration of the infection and reduce the risk of complications.

Being Outdoors is Good for our Mental Health

Mental health is just as important as physical health. Mental health means feeling, thinking, and acting in ways that allow you to enjoy life and deal with its challenges.

Poor mental health is not part of normal aging, but mental health problems can continue into older age. Mental health problems can also arise later in life from physical changes or from life changes, such as losing a loved one or increased isolation.

How can “nature” support our mental health as we get older?

We have known for some time that physical activity benefits our mental health. For example, studies have shown that regular physical activity (particularly in a group setting) can ease depression in older adults.

More recently, researchers have been looking at outdoor activities and mental health. These activities do not have to be ‘exercise’. Spending time in green spaces benefits our mood and health. ‘Green spaces’ are any spaces the public can access with natural features like plants and trees.

A recent review of research that included older adults showed that nature-based activity therapies reduced depression and anxiety and enhanced a person’s positive experiences. The researchers saw the greatest benefits after 8 to 12 weeks of regular outdoor activity. Each session in nature lasted 20 to 90 minutes. These benefits seem to come from a combination of things: connection to nature, social support, physical activity, and purposeful behaviour.

There are many ways to connect with nature

Advocacy is growing for more green spaces in our communities that are age-friendly and thus accessible for all. But you don’t have to live near a forest or park to connect with nature. Green activities like community gardening, nature-based arts and crafts, or using the fitness equipment at a ‘seniors park” are all outdoor activities that can positively influence our mental health and well-being. The regular connection with nature can even be a bench with a view of a flower garden or a water fountain. Even small interactions with nature can benefit the quality of life for older adults.

What is anxiety?

Anxiety is an emotion of an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behaviour, such as pacing back and forth, abnormal feelings in the body (stomach or chest pains), and rumination, which is the inability to control what we are thinking about or having one set of thoughts stuck in your head. It includes feelings of worry about events or activities that are coming up and may include fears, such as the fear of dying.

Fear is the emotional response to a real or perceived imminent threat, whereas anxiety is experienced in response to a future threat. Fear and anxiety can overlap. They are ‘adaptive’, meaning they change in response to what is going on in our environment.

Symptoms of anxiety often include muscle tension, restlessness, fatigue, dizziness, heart palpitations, sweating, irritability, headaches, unexplained pains, sleep issues or problems with concentration.

Anxiety can be appropriate in many circumstances. It’s natural to feel anxious in stressful situations. But, when experienced regularly, without events, and if it significantly impacts a person’s day-to-day function, or if they avoid doing activities because of it, they may have an anxiety disorder.

Types of Anxiety Disorders

There are different anxiety disorders. These include:

Specific phobias

• Social anxiety disorder
• Generalized anxiety disorder
• Panic disorder
• Agoraphobia

Specific phobia involves a heightened fear of an object or situation, such as a fear of dogs or needles or a fear of flying. Social anxiety disorder involves anxiety about interacting with others or being the centre of attention. There is a fear of being judged, embarrassed, or humiliated. Generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive worry about many things, such as work, health and family members. Panic disorders are characterized by sudden, unexpected, recurring episodes of fear along with physical symptoms such as dizziness or trouble breathing. Agoraphobia is a fear of situations that may feel difficult to escape from or where it is hard to find help, such as in crowded places or when on public transport.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are no longer categorized as anxiety disorders, even though anxiety is a key feature of these conditions.

How is anxiety treated?

Treatment options for anxiety disorders include medication and non-medication treatments. Education about the disorder and treatment options is important; information about self-help resources such as books, websites, and apps may also be helpful.

One psychological approach, cognitive therapy, or CBT, shows excellent results in treating anxiety disorders; and psychotherapy and medications have about equal results.

Reflections on having Covid

In Mid June, I went to a Celebration of Life and I flew, when I returned home after a few days, I developed a severe sore throat. One of my friends reminded me that a sore throat was a sign of Covid-19. I had received all four of my vaccinations so I was pretty sure that I did not have Covid and so I did not think that I would have Covid. I thought I just had the beginnings of a bad cold. I was wrong, I tested positive for Covid-19.

So over the next five days, I had to isolate myself, which is easier said than done if you are living with someone else. The weather did not cooperate if it had been nice I would have spent more time outside. As it was a miserable Spring I had to stay inside. My wife relegated me to the upstairs bedroom and the living room, which was away from the kitchen and family room. She prepared my food and I ate in the dining room while she ate in the kitchen. If I wanted to watch TV I had to stay on the other side of the room and make sure I wore a mask. My wife has underlying conditions, and I was very worried that she would catch Covid from me. I was lucky that I did not give her Covid.

It was difficult to remember to stay isolated when I wanted to talk, I had to talk louder to be heard from a distance through a mask. With four vaccinations, my symptoms were very mild, and I was lucky. My sore throat went away in about four days but I was fatigued most of the time and was ready for long afternoon naps. I did have some trouble breathing for a few days, but I did not have the muscle aches and pains that many experienced. 

While I was sick, my daughter phoned from Australia to tell me that she had Covid as well, and her initial symptoms were severe. She has had only three shots so that could explain the difference. She said that she was at home isolated and her partner and her son were staying on the mountain at the apartment. She had to isolate herself for seven days, under different rules in her jurisdiction.  My brother also let me know that he had Covid at the same time, but he was having a more severe bout them I.

I am glad that I had my vaccinations or I would have had a more serious case. I thought about where I might have picked it up. It might have been at the Celebration of life or it might have been at a conference I went to for seniors on "Pathways to Better Health." I am not sure, but I do know that I was lazy about wearing my mask.  When I was at the airport and on the plane, I did not take off my mask. At the conference, I did not wear the mask as I assumed everyone who attended was vaccinated (which was one of the requirements for being allowed to attend). I also did not wear my mask at the Celebration of Life and I did not ask if everyone was vaccinated and I should have asked. 

Since Covid is still out there and I think you can get it more than once, I now wear my mask whenever I go out and I make sure that I socially distance myself from other people. I was lucky as I had a very mild case, but others in my family, my brother and my daughter were not as lucky and were very sick. Summer is here but we still need to be reminded that Covid is still here and still as dangerous to those who are vulnerable. 

The humble dandelion, who knew 2

Dandelion advocates say they are a health benefit, however, many of the claims need additional research to prove dandelion’s effectiveness in humans.

A dandelion is a weed if it is the wrong place, but it also has potential to help you stay healthy by:

May support healthy bones

Very little research has been conducted on dandelion’s effect on bone health, though some of its individual nutrients contribute to the maintenance of strong, healthy bones. Dandelion greens are a good source of calcium and vitamin K, both of which play a key role in bone health. One small study linked an increased intake of vitamin K-rich leafy green vegetables to lower blood levels of osteocalcin, a protein found in your bones. This suggests that eating more leafy greens such as dandelion greens may help prevent bone loss. Inulin, a fiber found in dandelion root, may also support healthy bones by improving digestion and gut health. Additionally, some research suggests that the antioxidants in dandelion and other greens play a key role in bone health and protect against bone loss by decreasing oxidative stress

Aiding digestion

Some people use dandelion as a traditional remedy for constipation and other digestion issues. A study looking at animal digestion indicated that some chemicals present in dandelions helped improve the digestive system. Dandelion root is often dried and made into tea, but you can also eat it whole as you do other root vegetables. The study saw a reduction in the resistance in food moving to rodents’ small intestines. Research is now needed on humans to test for similar results.

Keeping skin healthy

Some research indicates that dandelion may help protect the skin from sun damage. Ultraviolet (UV) light causes considerable damage to the skin and contributes to skin aging. A 2015 study on skin cells in a test tube found that dandelion could reduce the impact of one type of damaging UV light. Protecting the skin from UV damage can help a person look younger for longer. Research in humans is needed to verify these results.

It is not advisable to consume dandelions from the backyard. Dandelion leaves are sometimes present in salads, but they are not widely available in all areas. Picking dandelions in a backyard is unsafe due to the potential presence of pesticides or animal excrement. However, it is possible to obtain dandelion supplements or teas and coffees infused with dandelion root. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have recognized dandelion as generally being safe to include in food products.

Dandelion supplements can cause allergic reactions in some people. People should not use dandelion supplements if they are sensitive to dandelions or certain other plants, such as ragweed, daisies, or chrysanthemums, or marigolds.

People trying supplements should follow instructions on the bottle for recommended doses and always speak to a doctor before taking them.

Dandelions are rich in nutrients and could be a healthful addition to a person’s diet or daily supplements. As with any supplement, it is best to speak to a doctor before taking them to discuss possible risks and interactions with other medications.

Dandelion supplements are available in some health food stores and online. People can also purchase dandelion root tea.

Medical Myths of Ageing Smoking, Sex, and the take away

Medical News Today is an interesting newsletter that comes out with all sorts of fascinating material In the latest installment of our Medical Myths series, they tackle myths associated with ageing. Because ageing is inevitable and, for some people, frightening, it is no surprise that myths abound.

The article was written by Tim Newman on September 7, 2020, and fact checked by Anna Guildford, Ph.D.

In our Medical Myths series, we approach medical misinformation head-on. Using expert insight and peer-reviewed research to wrestle fact from fiction, MNT brings clarity to the myth-riddled world of health journalism.

6. There’s no point giving up smoking now

Whether this is a genuine myth or merely an excuse, some older adults say that there is no point in giving up smoking at “their age.” This is not true. As the NHS clearly explain:

“No matter how long you have smoked for and no matter how many cigarettes you smoke a day, your health will start to improve as soon as you quit. Some health benefits are immediate, some are longer-term, but what matters is that it’s never too late.”

7. Sex is rare or impossible as you age

Some people believe that older adults lose their ability to enjoy sex and that their sexual organs become unfit for purpose. This, thankfully, is a myth.

It is true that the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) and vaginal dryness increases as people age, but for most individuals, these are not insurmountable problems.

Sildenafil (Viagra) and lubricants or hormone creams can work wonders in many cases. Before taking Viagra, though, it is essential to speak with a doctor, as it is not suitable for everyone.

An article in the International Journal of Clinical PracticeTrusted Source indicates that around 0.4% of men aged 18–29 experience ED, compared with 11.5% of men aged 60–69. However, flipping that statistic on its head makes it much less daunting — almost 9 out of 10 men in their 60s do not have ED.

Intercourse between older people may be less fast and furious, but that is not necessarily a bad thing. As one author writes, “Growing old does not necessarily discontinue a healthy sexual life, but it does call for redefining its expression.”

There are certain benefits, too. For instance, a male’s penis often becomes less sensitive, helping them maintain an erection longer.

It is true that as some people grow older, they do not have the same sexual desire or drive as when they were young, but this is by no means the case for everyone.

To end this section on a high, below is a quote from a survey study that involved 158 older adults. Although the participants reported that they were having less sex than a decade earlier, the authors write:

“A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age.”

The take home.

Overall, most of the myths surrounding age seem to center on inevitability. People believe that it is inevitable that they will gradually crumble into dust as their lives become increasingly unbearable, boring, passionless, and painful.

Although certain aspects of health might decline with age, none of the above is inevitable for everyone. As we have discovered, a positive psychological outlook on aging can benefit the physical aspects of aging.

Medical Myths about Ageing 5

 Medical News Today is an interesting newsletter that comes out with all sorts of fascinating material In the latest installment of our Medical Myths series, they tackle myths associated with ageing. Because ageing is inevitable and, for some people, frightening, it is no surprise that myths abound.

The article was written by Tim Newman on September 7, 2020, and fact checked by Anna Guildford, Ph.D.

In our Medical Myths series, we approach medical misinformation head-on. Using expert insight and peer-reviewed research to wrestle fact from fiction, MNT brings clarity to the myth-riddled world of health journalism.

5. As you age, your brain slows

The term cognitive decline refers to a gradual decrease in mental functioning with age, but before we tackle the facts of the matter, we dismiss a couple of associated myths:

Dementia is inevitable as you age

According to the WHO, the risk of developing dementia increases with age, but it does not affect all older adults. Worldwide, an estimated 5–8% of people over 60 have dementia. That means that 92%–95% of people aged 60 or older do not have dementia.

In the United States, an estimated 13.9%Trusted Source of people over 71 have dementia, meaning that 86.1% of people over 71 do not have dementia.

Cognitive decline leads to dementia

Contrary to popular opinion, cognitive decline does not necessarily signal the start of dementia.

People who go on to develop dementia tend to experience cognitive decline first. However, not everyone who experiences cognitive decline will develop dementia.

One older study estimated that 22.2% of people in the U.S. aged 71 or older experience cognitive decline. Of these, each year, 11.7%–20% develop dementia.

Cognitive decline is inevitable.

As the above statistics show, cognitive decline is not inevitable, regardless of the long-held myth that older adults experience a mental slowing down. And, importantly, there are ways to reduce the risk.

In 2015, the Alzheimer’s Association evaluated the evidence of modifiable risk factors for both dementia and cognitive decline. Their report, presented to the World Dementia Council, explains that “there is sufficient evidence to support the link between several modifiable risk factors and a reduced risk for cognitive decline.”

They identified that maintaining regular physical activity and managing classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, smoking, and high blood pressure were strongly associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline.

They also found good evidence that a healthful diet and lifelong learning or cognitive training also reduce the risk of cognitive decline.